The observation of the skies has played a special part 
               in the lives and cultures of people since the earliest of 
               times.Evidence obtained from a site known as the hole in
line         in the rock,in papago Park in Phoenix,Arizona,indicates 
(5)          that it might have been used as an observatory by a 
               prehistoric people known as the Hohokam.The physical
               attributes of the site allow its use as a natural calendar/
               clock.The”hole’ at Hole in the Rock is formed by two 
               large overhanging rocks  coming together at a piont,
(10)        creating a shelter with an opening large enough for several
               persons to pass through.The northeast-facing overhang 
               has a smaller opening in its roof.It is this smaller hole that
               produces the attributes that may have been used as a 
               calendar/clock.
(15)              Because of its location in the shelter’s roof, a beam of
               sunlight can pass through this second hole and cast a spot 
               onto the shelter’s wall and floor.Thi spot of light travels 
               from west to east as the sun moves across the aky. It also
               moves from north to south and back again as the Earth
(20)        travels around the sun.The west-to-east movement could
               have been used to establish a daily clock,much like a 
               sundial,while the north-to-south movement could have 
               been used to establish a seasonal calendar.
                      The spot first appears and starts down the surface of
(25)         the wall of the shelter at different times of the moning 
                depending on the time of the year.The spot grows in size 
                from its first appearance until its maximum size is 
                achieved roughly at midday.It then continue its 
                downward movement until it reaches a point where it
(30)          jumps to the floor of the shelter.As the sun continues to
                move to the west,the spot continues to move across the
                shelter floor and down the butte,or hill,toward a group of
                small boulders.If a person is seated on a cerain one of 
                these rocks as the spot reaches it,the sun can be viewed
(35)         through the calendar hole.This occurs at different times in
                the afternoon depending on the time of year.

1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
   a.Observations of the stars by ancient people
   b.Rock formations of Arizona
   c.A site used by ancient people to measure time
   d.The movement of the Earth around the sun
Jawab:(C)A site used by ancient people to measure time
Key word:an observation by a prehistoric people use as a natural calendar/clock.
Pembahasan:paragraf di atas menceritakan lokasi yang digunakan
orang-orang jaman dulu untuk mengukur waktu
2.The word”obtained”in line 3 is closest in meaning to
   a.acquired
   b.transported
   c.covered
   d.removed
Jawab:(A)acquired
Key word:diperoleh
Pembahasan:obtained=diperolehacquired
Transported=diangkut
Covered=ditutupi
Removed=dipindah
3.The word”attributes”in line 7 is closest in meaning to 
   a.change
   b.characteristics
   c.locations
   d.dimensions
Jawab:(B)characteristics
Key word:ciri
Pembahasan:attributes=ciri,tanda=characteristics;
changes=berubah
locations=lokasi
dimensions=dimensi
4.The word”its”in line 12 refers to
   a.roof
   b.beam
   c.hole
   d.spot
Jawab:(C)Hole
Key word:it is this smaller hole
Pembahasan:kalimat sebelumnya menyebutkan lubang sebagai subyek kalimat.
5.The word”establish” in line 21 is closest in meaning to
     a.create
     b.locate
     c.consult
     d.choose
Jawab:(A)create
Key word:membuat
Pembahasan:establish=mendirikan,membuat=create
locate=menemukan
consult=berkonsultasi
choose=memilih
6.Which of the following is not true of the spot of light?
    a.It is caused by sunlight passing through a hole
    b.It travels across the roof of the shelter.
    c.Its movement is affected by the position of the sun
    d.It movement could have been used to estimate the time of day.
Jawab:(B)It travels across the roof of the shelter
Key word:to move across the shelter floor and down the butte
Pembahasan:titik cahaya ini bergerak tidak menyeberangi atap selter tetapi di lantai selter.
7.From which of the following can be the time of year be determined?
    a.The movement of the spot of light from west to east
    b.The speed with which the spot of light moves
    c.The movement of the spot of light from north to south
    d. The size of the sport of light at midday
Jawab:(C)The movement of the spot of light from north to south
Key word:north-to-south movement could have been used to establish a seasonal calendar.
Pembahasan:pergerakan titik dari utara ke selatan dapat digunakan untuk membuat kalender musiman.
8.The word”roughly”in line 28 is closest in meaning to
     a.Finally
     b.harshly
     c.uneasily
     d.approximately
Jawab:(D)approximately
Key word:perkiraan
Pembahasan:roughly=kurang lebih,perkiraan=approximately
Finally=akhirnya
Harshly=dengan keras
Uneasily=gelisah
9.The passage mentions that the hole in the Rock was used as all of the following EXCEPT
    a.a calendar
    b.a home
    c.a clock
    d.an observatory
Jawab:(B) a home
Key word:as an observatory,natural calendar/clock
Pembahasan:dalam paragraf disebutkan penggunaan lubang sebagai tempat pengamatan,sebagai jam ataupun kalender.
10.Which of the following can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
     a.The boulders are located below the rock shelter
     b.The person seated on the rock cannot see the shelter.
     c.After it passes the boulder,the spot of light disappears
     d.The spot of light is largest when it first appear
Jawab:(A)the boulders arre located below the rock shelter
Key word:the spot continues to move across the shelter floor and down the butte,or hill,toward a group of small boulders
Pembahasan:batu-batu kecil berada di bawah bebatuan selter.

reference
Tim Master Eduka-bank soal dan strategi TOEFL